ABOUT ME

I OFFER

MY BANK OF TIME

ACHIEVEMENTS

MACKINTOSH: ESCUELA DE ARTE EN GLASGOW


El impacto que tuvo la obra de Charles Rennie Mackintosh en Glasgow, Escocia, es enorme. De hecho, su estilo, la versión británica del Art Noveau o Modernismo, se denomina “Escuela Glasgow”. Y es que en Glasgow, Mackintosh está en todo lado, en museos y postales, aunque no es sorprendente que en vida este genial arquitecto, diseñador y pintor fuera más bien poco reconocido. Entre todas las obras suyas, es sin duda la Escuela de Arte de Glasgow la más relevante. En ella, además de su originalidad y de la perfecta fusión entre estética y funcionalidad, me sorprendió encontrar numerosas referencias a la arquitectura tradicional japonesa, una influencia que le fue relevante.


UBICACIÓN

Glasgow es la ciudad más grande y el motor industrial de Escocia, cuyos astilleros en el río Clyde producían a finales del siglo XIX el 80% de la industria naviera británica. No muy lejos del río, la escuela se halla apostada en una colina de la calle Renfrew, en un barrio donde predominan las casas victorianas pero donde también hay otras obras de Mackintosh. A pesar de que mi alojamiento queda en la misma calle (una bohardilla de una antigua casa desde donde garabateé algunas de estas líneas, una madrugada en que una tormenta escocesa se llevó mi sueño) no es posible distinguir el perfil de la escuela, ya que un edificio que cruza la calle como un puente bloquea la vista. El efecto sorpresa, por tanto, al traspasar este enorme pórtico, es notable: ante nuestros ojos se despliega la fachada norte del edificio de la escuela, y es notoria la pendiente que Mackintosh tuvo que resolver en los lados este y oeste del mismo.



ANTECEDENTES

Es interesante saber que Charles R. Mackintosh diseñó este proyecto cuando era practicante en el estudio de Honeyman y Keppie, apenas a sus 29 años. Mackintosh había sido estudiante de la Escuela de Arte, pero su diseño no tenía nada que ver con el estilo victoriano que se le había enseñado. Por el contrario, experimentaba con una concepción vanguardista, una volumetría masiva y austera, de masas ortogonales pero levemente suavizada con curvas, que expresaba la severidad de la tradición arquitectónica escocesa y la combinaba con la ligereza de la modernidad europea o norteamericana. De hecho, el lenguaje de Mackintosh es mucho menos ornamental que otros de sus contemporáneos modernistas, como Gaudí en Barcelona o Victor Horta en París.
El proyecto se concluyó en dos partes: la primera, entre 1897-99, constaba de talleres, la oficina del director, una sala de exhibición, servicios y la vivienda del guardián. La segunda, entre 1907-09, incluyó nuevos talleres, una biblioteca, auditorio y un salón de reuniones.



INFLUENCIAS

La arquitectura tradicional escocesa fue una inspiración importante para Mackintosh. Algunos autores han encontrado similitudes entre la imponencia de la gran fachada norte con la del castillo de Linlithgow, mientras que la escala más vernacular de las fachadas este y oeste, particularmente en la masividad de las paredes, la irregularidad de las ventanas y los volúmenes prominentes semejando torreones, son reminiscentes de las casas medievales de los barones escoceses.
Detalle del castillo de Huntly

La arquitectura japonesa también tuvo influencia en Mackintosh, quien nunca visitó Japón, pero tuviera contacto con la cultura nipona mediante exposiciones en Glasgow y Edinburgo. La organización de los espacios basados en una simple y rectilínea geometría, el uso de pantallas deslizantes, el diseño de las ventanas e incluso el diseño de la reja externa, inspirada en motivos de la heráldica nipona, fueron influenciados por la arquitectura tradicional japonesa.
Mackintosh amalgamó estas influencias con las tendencias florales del art noveau y elementos y materiales modernos, añadiendo sus propias innovadoras ideas y produciendo un conjunto ecléctico pero unitario.

LA PROPUESTA

La concepción del edificio se basa en una planta similar a una E, es decir una sucesión de talleres unidos por una espina de circulación.



El diseño favorece la orientación de los talleres hacia el norte, dotándolos de una fachada rica en ventanas que permitan el ingreso de luz natural. Hacia el este ubicó un cuarto de diseño y hacia el oeste la biblioteca.
Fachadas oeste y este

Las ventanas de la fachada norte, enmarcadas en una cuadrícula de acero que contrasta con la enmohecida textura de piedra de la pared, se decoran con unos originales puntales metálicos con motivos celtas, que sobresalen rítmicamente en la fachada.

Un poco desfasado del centro de la fachada se ubica el ingreso principal de la escuela, presidido por una escalera que refuerza su centralidad.


Frente a la fachada se ubica una larga reja metálica, decorada con formas representando animales, como un ave, escarabajo o una hormiga. En medio de la reja ubicó un arco frente a la entrada principal.


En contraposición a la imponencia de la fachada principal, las fachadas laterales ofrecen un lenguaje más vernacular.

Detalles y maqueta del lado este.
Fachada del lado este
Vista del lado sur

Los interiores fueron diseñados en colaboración con Margaret Macdonald, utilizando motivos florales y geométricos de estilo Art Noveau en las luminarias, alfombras, mobiliario, chimeneas e inclusive la vajilla.

Sala de exposiciones. Foto cortesía de Arkinka
Interiores de a escuela. Fotos cortesía de kteneyck
Talleres. Fotos cortesía de Arkinka

Vistas de la escalera secundaria, cortesía de Arkinka

Es particularmente notorio el trabajo de los vitrales en ventanas, puertas o paneles decorativos, algunos de ellos representando motivos florales o insectos abstractos.


Pero sin duda el ambiente más impresionante es la biblioteca, rediseñada en 1906. Está concebida como espacio a doble altura, con una mezanine que balconea hacia el piso principal. Se trata de una trama de columnas y vigas trabajadas con madera oscura que organizan el espacio en diversas subáreas, al estilo japonés. El techo, sin embargo, no es soportado por las columnas, sino que es suspendido por tirantes externos de hierro y decorado con vidrio multicolor. Este recurso se debe a que debajo de la biblioteca se halla el auditorio, el cual obviamente debía hallarse exento de columnas.

Vistas de la biblioteca
Auditorio. Foto cortesía Arkinka

El minucioso diseño de Mackintosh abarcó desde lo urbano (una volumentría moderna y vanguardista pero insertada en las proporciones del contexto), lo arquitectónico (tomando códigos vernaculares como foráneos y amalgamándolos en una propuesta coherente) y el diseño interior (el tratamiento de superficies, luminarias, mobiliario y elementos decorativos), combinando una estética formal única con un lógico sentido estructural, logrando una de las obras maestras de la arquitectura del siglo XX.
Detalles del techo en la maqueta

VER TAMBIEN
- ART NOVEAU-MODERNISMO



Urbanistica.: analisis de manzana y ficha de parcela.





Urbanistica.: analisis de manzana y ficha de parcela.





Handbook of Regenerative Landscape Design








By Robert L. France
Publisher: CRC
Number Of Pages: 488
Publication Date: 2007-10-18
ISBN-10 / ASIN: 0849391881
ISBN-13 / EAN: 9780849391880
Binding: Hardcover

Book Description:
What if environmentally damaged landscapes could not only be
remediated from an ecological standpoint, but also designed
to replenish an entire community as well as the nature
surrounding it? The Handbook of Regenerative Landscape Design
incorporates ecology, engineering, sociology, and design
elements into a new paradigm for environmental restoration
and the renewal of urban and cultural sites.
This is the first resource in the field to examine the
collaborative roles of scientists, landscape architects, and
urban planners in transforming degraded landscapes into
sustainable communities for both people and wildlife. Top
practitioners and theorists from different fields and
perspectives contribute innovative case studies that converge
in their emphasis on new uses for reclaimed land, rather than
a return to its original state.
In addition, this book is one in only a handful to address the
system conditions necessary for the repair of severely degraded
landscapes, especially in an urban context. It elucidates the
most suitable remediation strategies for treating degraded
environments such as industrial landfills, mining sites, buried
urban rivers, heavily polluted or effectively destroyed wetlands,
Superfund sites, and abandoned factories.
Bringing the perspectives of landscape architects, scientists,
and urban planners to a wider audience, the Handbook of
Regenerative Landscape Design demonstrates how ecological
landscape restoration processes can facilitate sociological
and urban renewal initiatives

23,9 MB
http://w17.easy-share.com/1702940822.html

Landscape and Sustainability








By Maggie Roe
Publisher: Routledge
Number Of Pages: 320
Publication Date: 2007-09-19
ISBN-10 / ASIN: 0415404436
ISBN-13 / EAN: 9780415404433

Book Description:
This unique book addresses the issue of sustainability from
the point of view of landscape architecture, dealing with
professional practices of planners, designers and landscape
managers.
This second edition contains updated and new material
reflecting the developments in the field during the last five
years, addressing the relationship between landscape architecture
and sustainability in a comprehensive way.
Much in the text is underpinned by landscape ecology, in contrast
to the idea of landscape as only appealing to the eye or aspiring
cerebrally to be fine art. As this exceptional cast of contributors
argue, landscape is and must be much more than this; landscape
architecture is about making places which are biologically wholesome,
socially just and spiritually rewarding.
Landscape and Sustainability establishes that the sustainability
agenda needs a new mindset among professionals. The question to be
answered first and foremost is, is it sustainable? The chapters in
the book move progressively from theory to practice, from the global
to the local scale and from issues of policy and planning through to
detailed design and implementation and on to long-term maintenance
and management. The contributors raise and re-examine a complex array
of research, policy and professional issues and agendas to contribute
to the necessary ongoing debate about the future of both landscape and
sustainability

9,2 MB
http://w17.easy-share.com/1702940614.html

Representing Landscape Architecture








By Treib
Publisher: Routledge
Number Of Pages: 240
Publication Date: 2008-01-31
ISBN-10 / ASIN: 0415700426
ISBN-13 / EAN: 9780415700429
Binding: Hardcover

Book Description:
"Representing Landscape Architecture" offers a broad investigation
of how the designed landscape is and has been represented: for
design study, for criticism and even for its realization. It has
been said that we can only realize what we can imagine. But in order
to realize we must convey ideas to others as well as to ourselves.
Representation is by no means neutral and the process of
communication, the process by which the imagination takes its first
form, itself necessarily limits the range of our design possibilities.
Computers further remove from cognitive processes and raise new
questions about methods and limits. Written by a team of renowned
practitioners and academics, this book is the best available
reference to date on the many dimensions of landscape representation

15,2 MB
http://w17.easy-share.com/1702940834.html

Representing Landscape Architecture








By Treib
Publisher: Routledge
Number Of Pages: 240
Publication Date: 2008-01-31
ISBN-10 / ASIN: 0415700426
ISBN-13 / EAN: 9780415700429
Binding: Hardcover

Book Description:
"Representing Landscape Architecture" offers a broad investigation
of how the designed landscape is and has been represented: for
design study, for criticism and even for its realization. It has
been said that we can only realize what we can imagine. But in order
to realize we must convey ideas to others as well as to ourselves.
Representation is by no means neutral and the process of
communication, the process by which the imagination takes its first
form, itself necessarily limits the range of our design possibilities.
Computers further remove from cognitive processes and raise new
questions about methods and limits. Written by a team of renowned
practitioners and academics, this book is the best available
reference to date on the many dimensions of landscape representation

15,2 MB
http://w17.easy-share.com/1702940834.html

Proyectos en Arquidocs - 0001









Morphosis. Sede della Banca Hypo-Alpe-Adria


Fuente: http://www.materia.it
Idioma: Italiano/Inglés
Tamaño: PDF - 2,0 MB
Descarga: http://w18.easy-share.com/1702942335.html

Representing Landscape Architecture








By Treib
Publisher: Routledge
Number Of Pages: 240
Publication Date: 2008-01-31
ISBN-10 / ASIN: 0415700426
ISBN-13 / EAN: 9780415700429
Binding: Hardcover

Book Description:
"Representing Landscape Architecture" offers a broad investigation
of how the designed landscape is and has been represented: for
design study, for criticism and even for its realization. It has
been said that we can only realize what we can imagine. But in order
to realize we must convey ideas to others as well as to ourselves.
Representation is by no means neutral and the process of
communication, the process by which the imagination takes its first
form, itself necessarily limits the range of our design possibilities.
Computers further remove from cognitive processes and raise new
questions about methods and limits. Written by a team of renowned
practitioners and academics, this book is the best available
reference to date on the many dimensions of landscape representation

15,2 MB
http://w17.easy-share.com/1702940834.html

Row Houses - A Housing Typology








By Günter Pfeifer, Per Brauneck
Publisher: Birkhäuser Basel
Number Of Pages: 112
Publication Date: 2007-12-11
ISBN-10 / ASIN: 3764378387
ISBN-13 / EAN: 9783764378387
Binding: Paperback

Book Description:
To continue developing existing building types in an
intelligent way is a crucial task in the field of residential
building. A deeper understanding of the underlying types is
indispensable for the success of the individual design, as well
as for ensuring that tried and tested structures can be utilized,
repeated, and varied in a wide variety of situations.
For this typology of residential buildings, the authors have
developed systematic new presentations of the most innovative
types. Each individual volume lays out the possibilities for
using and transforming a particular form of residential structure.
The first volume deals with the various types of the courtyard
house, which utilizes the courtyard as an intimate outdoor living
space. A presentation of the courtyard as a building block of the
city is followed by coverage of the complete spectrum of types -
cluster, network, carpet, terraces, etc.
The second volume is devoted to the various types of row house, a
particularly widespread form of residential structure. A general
discussion of the row as organizing principle - the row as urban
building block, linear space, ways of handling corners - is followed
by the systematic presentation of the different types.
Within each type, variants are distinguished according to how they
organize

38,4 MB
http://w17.easy-share.com/1702944036.html

El Oficio del Arquitecto









By: Fernado Redon
Language: Spanish
ISBN: 84-89713-30-8
© ESCUELA TECNICA SUPERIOR DE ARQUITECTURA. UNIVERSIDAD DE NAVARRA. AGOSTO, 1999
Edición: T6 EDICIONES

0,9 MB
http://w18.easy-share.com/1702944351.html

Ferias libres - Espacio Residual de Soberanía Ciudadana









By: Gabriel Salazar Vergara
Language: Spanish
ISBN: 956.208.070-6
Edición: Ediciones SUR. Santiago, 2003

2,9 MB
http://w18.easy-share.com/1702944522.html

Domus Design - 2008 November - Ruso









66,6 MB
http://w16.easy-share.com/1702952706.html

Domus Design - 2008 November - Ruso









66,6 MB
http://w16.easy-share.com/1702952706.html

Penser l'architecture








By Peter Zumthor
Publisher: Birkhäuser Basel
Number Of Pages: 95
Publication Date: 2007-10-19
ISBN-10 / ASIN: 3764384530
ISBN-13 / EAN: 9783764384531
Binding: Hardcover

Book Description:
Si l’on attend de l’architecture qu’elle soit en relation
sensuelle avec la vie, il faut que la réflexion aille bien
au-delà de la forme et de la construction. Cet ouvrage,
dont la première édition est épuisée depuis des années, a
été enrichi de trois nouveaux essais: "La beauté a-t-elle
une forme ?", "La magie du réel" et "La lumière dans le
paysage". Dans ses textes, Peter Zumthor dévoile les ressorts
de cette architecture qui s’adresse, sur des modes très
diversifiés, aux sentiments et à la raison, et qui a une
présence et une aura indiscutables. La typographie, oeuvre de
Hannele Grönlund, est nouvelle ainsi que les photographies en
couleur de la maisonatelier de Peter Zumthor à Haldenstein
réalisées spécialement pour cet ouvrage par Laura Padgett.

6,0 MB
http://w16.easy-share.com/1702952359.html

Domus Design - 2008 September









79,3 MB
http://w17.easy-share.com/1702955759.html

Modern Bamboo Structures - Proceedings of the First International Conference








By Yan Xiao
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Number Of Pages: 312
Publication Date: 2008-08-12
ISBN-10 / ASIN: 041547597X
ISBN-13 / EAN: 9780415475976

Book Description:
Bamboo materials are well available in the world. Bamboo has
much shorter maturity than trees, thus can be harvested with
shorter cycles of plantation. Despite the fact that human
society has a long history of using bamboo, there is still a
lack of modern and industrialized application of bamboo
materials in construction. Promoting the application of bamboo
in construction could provide a potential solution to the
sustainable, green and environment-friendly development of
construction industry."Modern Bamboo Structures" is the first
of its kind covering the applications of bamboo materials in
modern structures. The following topics are covered in this
book: properties of bamboo materials and components; design,
experimental testing, and analysis of bamboo structures and
components; modern bamboo buildings and bridges; composites of
bamboo, timber and other materials; bamboo reinforced concrete;
comparative studies of timber and bamboo structures; adhesives,
joints, and engineered bamboo products; environmental,
sustainability and ecological issues; and, structural and
constructional applications of other natural and non-conventional
materials.These proceedings of the First International Conference
on Modern Bamboo Structures (ICBS-2007, Changsha, China, 28-30
October 2007) include the state-of-the-art on materials, design,
analysis, testing, manufacturing, and construction of modern
bamboo structures. "Modern Bamboo Structures" will be essential
for researchers, engineers and administrators involved in
structural engineering, civil engineering, agriculture engineering,
forestry, environmental engineering and urban development.

10,6 MB
http://w18.easy-share.com/1702954532.html

Domus Design - 2008 September









79,3 MB
http://w17.easy-share.com/1702955759.html

Modern Bamboo Structures - Proceedings of the First International Conference








By Yan Xiao
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Number Of Pages: 312
Publication Date: 2008-08-12
ISBN-10 / ASIN: 041547597X
ISBN-13 / EAN: 9780415475976

Book Description:
Bamboo materials are well available in the world. Bamboo has
much shorter maturity than trees, thus can be harvested with
shorter cycles of plantation. Despite the fact that human
society has a long history of using bamboo, there is still a
lack of modern and industrialized application of bamboo
materials in construction. Promoting the application of bamboo
in construction could provide a potential solution to the
sustainable, green and environment-friendly development of
construction industry."Modern Bamboo Structures" is the first
of its kind covering the applications of bamboo materials in
modern structures. The following topics are covered in this
book: properties of bamboo materials and components; design,
experimental testing, and analysis of bamboo structures and
components; modern bamboo buildings and bridges; composites of
bamboo, timber and other materials; bamboo reinforced concrete;
comparative studies of timber and bamboo structures; adhesives,
joints, and engineered bamboo products; environmental,
sustainability and ecological issues; and, structural and
constructional applications of other natural and non-conventional
materials.These proceedings of the First International Conference
on Modern Bamboo Structures (ICBS-2007, Changsha, China, 28-30
October 2007) include the state-of-the-art on materials, design,
analysis, testing, manufacturing, and construction of modern
bamboo structures. "Modern Bamboo Structures" will be essential
for researchers, engineers and administrators involved in
structural engineering, civil engineering, agriculture engineering,
forestry, environmental engineering and urban development.

10,6 MB
http://w18.easy-share.com/1702954532.html

Construction



Dictionary of Architecture and Building Construction/pdf/25 MB/

LINK DE DESCARGA:

http://www.sendspace.com/file/oc5cw8

DESIGNING BETTER BUILDINGS


Designing Better Buildings/pdf /16 MB/241 pages

Link de descarga:

http://www.sendspace.com/file/u9wp17

Description:

Design is widely recognised as the key to improving the quality of the built environment. This well-illustrated book comprises fifteen chapters written by leading practitioners, clients, academics and other experts, and presents the latest thinking on what design quality is and how to achieve it. For design practitioners and their clients alike, the book provides evidence to justify greater focus on, and investment in, design. It summarizes the benefits that arise from good design - such as civic pride in the urban environment, the stimulation of urban regeneration, corporate identity, occupant productivity and health in offices, improved learning in schools, better patient recovery rates in hospitals, as well as reduced environmental impact. These benefits are illustrated through case study examples.

Construction



Dictionary of Architecture and Building Construction/pdf/25 MB/

LINK DE DESCARGA:

http://www.sendspace.com/file/oc5cw8

DESIGNING BETTER BUILDINGS


Designing Better Buildings/pdf /16 MB/241 pages

Link de descarga:

http://www.sendspace.com/file/u9wp17

Description:

Design is widely recognised as the key to improving the quality of the built environment. This well-illustrated book comprises fifteen chapters written by leading practitioners, clients, academics and other experts, and presents the latest thinking on what design quality is and how to achieve it. For design practitioners and their clients alike, the book provides evidence to justify greater focus on, and investment in, design. It summarizes the benefits that arise from good design - such as civic pride in the urban environment, the stimulation of urban regeneration, corporate identity, occupant productivity and health in offices, improved learning in schools, better patient recovery rates in hospitals, as well as reduced environmental impact. These benefits are illustrated through case study examples.

Proyectos en Arquidocs - 0003









Tomar Environmental Monitoring and Interpretation Offices (EMIO)

Fuente: http://www.materia.it
Idioma: Italiano/Inglés
Tamaño: PDF - 2,1 MB
Descarga: http://w19.easy-share.com/1903037478.html